Remarks
John Kerry
Secretary of State
African Union Headquarters
Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
May 25, 2013
SECRETARY KERRY: Thank you very much. Good morning, everybody. It’s my privilege to be here at this special celebration of the 50
th anniversary
of the African Union and its predecessor organization. And I’m very,
very pleased to have just met with Prime Minister Hailemariam, and I’m
happy to be here with the Foreign Minister Tedros who we have met
previously and had a chance to talk. And I think there are several key
components of our relationship that I want to highlight.
First of all, we are working very closely on economic development,
economic issues, bilateral trade issues. And the Prime Minister
expressed his hope appropriately that the United States will in fact
become more engaged, that the private sector of the United States will
become more engaged in Ethiopia. We talked about some of the ways that
that could happen. The Africa Growth Opportunity Act – the AGOA Act, as
we know it – is one important component, and there will be a conference
we hope in August, providing the dates remain firm, that will focus on
this economic development. We also support Ethiopia’s accession to the
WTO, and we are going to work with Ethiopia in an effort to try to help
that transition.
The second area is the area of peace and stability, in the region
particularly. Ethiopia has been a very strong partner, a very important
partner in efforts with respect to Sudan, South Sudan, and Somalia. I
worked very closely with former Prime Minister Meles, who – I came here
to Addis Ababa, we worked on the issue of the comprehensive peace
agreement and the referendum and moving South Sudan to independence. And
we worked on the questions of Abyei and the two areas. We talked about
that now and we both agreed that the situation between South Sudan and
Sudan remains tense. There was work to be done, and we are going to
continue to work in order to do – to address those challenging issues of
Abyei, Blue Nile, South Kordofan, and the relationship between the
North and the South.
I’ve mentioned previously, but I haven’t necessarily said it to the
press here, I will be appointing a special envoy to Sudan and South
Sudan shortly, and we look forward to engaging with our friends here in
Ethiopia on efforts to try to bring greater stability to the region.
We are particularly grateful to Ethiopia for their initiative, a very
important initiative in respect to Somalia. It is fair to say that the
Ethiopian initiative, together with American help and support, has
helped to reduce the threat of ultraviolence, and it has helped
significantly to be able to produce a new opportunity for governance.
And it is governance now that is the greater challenge, rather than the
al-Shabaab threat.
Finally, I just raised the question – the third pillar of concern and
of relationship is that of building democracy and of protecting human
rights. This is a critical component. As everybody knows, we believe
very deeply that where people can exercise their rights and where there
is an ability to have a strong democracy, the economy is stronger, the
relationship with the government is stronger, people do better, and it’s
an opportunity to be able to grow faster, stronger, by rule of law. We
want to continue to work with our friends in Ethiopia as they work hard
to try to improve any number of initiatives with respect to those
concerns.

US secretary of state John Kerry and Ethiopian foreign minister Tedros Adhanom. Photograph: Jim Young/AFP/Getty Images
So I’m delighted to be here. This is a very special moment. Ethiopia
is not only the host, but the Prime Minister wears the hat of president
of union and we’re honored to be here with him sharing this very
important moment. And Mr. Foreign Minister, thank you. Appreciate it.
FOREIGN MINISTER TEDROS: Thank you. Thank you, Mr. Secretary.
Thank you so much, talking about this very important day for Africa in
general, and for Ethiopia in particular. And I would like to also share
with you that we have had very useful discussions on the areas that the
Secretary already had mentioned – on the economic front as it had say,
that should be the focus, especially in our future relationships. And
we’re very grateful for the AGOA summit that will be conducted in
Ethiopia August 12-13. We hope that will strengthen the trade and
investment relationships between the U.S. and Ethiopia.
And in addition to that, we have had, as many of you know,
relationships on social, political, defense, and security points. If we
take, especially the social one, Ethiopia is the beneficiary of their
foreign (inaudible). And that opportunity has been using Ethiopia in a
unique way. Not only we have used the three foreign (inaudible)
opportunities to save lives, but we used it to build our system also to
better fight for the future. And I would like to express how grateful we
are for this very generous support from the government and people of
the United States. It’s really made a difference in Ethiopia.
And we had also we had (inaudible) very frank discussions on either
issues, and Secretary said democracy is our priority. We’re committed to
democracy, but as a national democracy. We really need strong
cooperation and working together with the U.S. And we had, as we have
said, discussed on regional issues – regional peace and security, Sudan
and South Sudan. And on Somalia, I think he said it well, so I don’t
want to add on that. But I would like to thank the Secretary for his
decision to assign an envoy (inaudible) working (inaudible).
So finally I would like again to thank to the historic and very
strong partnership we have with the U.S., and I hope it will grow even
stronger in the future and look forward to working with you very closely
as it does so much good.
SECRETARY KERRY: Likewise.
MS. PSAKI: The U.S. question will be from Scott of VOA.
QUESTION: Mr. Secretary, the Nigerian Government says its
broken up some Boko Haram groups in the North, yet there are concerns
remaining about gross human rights violations by Nigerian security
forces. What’s your message about striking a balance there? And on Sudan
and South Sudan, the oil is flowing again, but there remain the other
issues between Khartoum and Juba, so how do you help resolve them?
And Mr. Minister, in light of the attacks in Niger, what is the
African Union doing along with the international community to try to
come up with a strategy to secure the broader Sahelian region against
the spread of terrorism? Thank you.
SECRETARY KERRY: Thank you very much. Well, Boko Haram is a
terrorist organization and they have killed wantonly and upset the
normal governance of Nigeria in fundamental ways that are unacceptable.
And so we defend the right completely of the Government of Nigeria to
defend itself and to fight back against terrorists.
That said, I have raised the issue of human rights with the
government, with the Foreign Minister. We have talked directly about the
imperative of Nigerian troops adhering to the highest standards and not
themselves engaging in atrocities or in human rights violations. That
is critical. And the balance comes by having strong leadership –
leadership from the civilian government, leadership that flows through
the forces that are there. We’ve talked about it directly.
To their credit, the government has acknowledged that there have been
some problems and they’re not – they’re working to try to control it.
It’s not easy; very complicated, and wide open spaces, very ungoverned,
very, very difficult – very complex territory and terrain and very
challenging enterprise. But always, we all of us try to hold the highest
standards of behavior. One person’s atrocity does not excuse another’s.
And revenge is not the motive; it’s good governance, it’s ridding
yourself of a terrorist organization so that you can establish a
standard of law that people can respect. And that’s what needs to happen
in Nigeria.
With respect to –
QUESTION: Sudan and South Sudan.
QUESTION: On the Sudan-South Sudan, you are absolutely
correct. There are very significant border challenges, but they’re
bigger than that. In South Kordofan and Blue Nile, you have people who
for a long time have felt that they want their secular governance and
their identity respected. And they don’t want independence. They are not
trying to break away from Sudan. Unfortunately, President Bashir is
trying to press on them, through authoritarian means and through
violence, an adherence to a standard that they simply don’t want to
accept, with respect to Islamism and a rigidity with respect to their
identity. So that’s the fundamental (inaudible).
And what is critical here, in my judgment, is for President Bashir to
respect what the people in South Kordofan and Blue Nile are trying to
achieve. Now it’s more complicated because you have the SPLM-North that
has received support from the South, and that makes the North feel like
the South is instigating some of what is taking place. So we need to
resolve those differences. And that’s the work of an envoy and my work
over the course of these next months, working with our friends here.
We’ve always been very focused on and helpful in trying to reduce the
violence.
Abyei presents a special challenge, obviously. And I think we agreed
that it was critical that Abyei be able to have a referendum with the
appropriate Miseria – that is the Miseria who actually live in Abyei and
have residence there year round, not the migrant Miseria – that they be
able to vote together with residents and then to decide the future.
I think North and South are in a very delicate place right now. It is
important to build on the peace process, the comprehensive peace
agreement, to build on the new independence of the young state, and to
put the focus and energy on the people and on developing the future, not
on fighting the issues of the past. That’s our challenge, all of us,
and we are certainly going to continue to work at it.
FOREIGN MINISTER TEDROS: Thank you. On the terrorism issue,
especially Niger and the Sahel, as you know, we have now experienced
terrorism. It is now serious threat to Africa, and we had experience in
this region and certainly (inaudible). And what’s happening in Niger is
not isolated incidents. We have to see it in relation to what has
happened – what’s happening in Mali and the whole south of Niger. And
when it’s experienced in Africa on how to tackle that, we support of
course from governments like U.S. and we will address it within that
framework based upon the experience we have. But have to consider it as a
serious issue, and fight it aggressively.
MODERATOR: (Inaudible) now it is (inaudible) question to the Ethiopian side. Let me invite (inaudible).
QUESTION: Thank you. From (inaudible). It is understood that
Ethiopia (inaudible) 12 years. How do you comment this? How can
(inaudible) this success you have got to (inaudible)? Another question:
The peacekeeping process is very difficult. What will be your assistance
to this process?
SECRETARY KERRY: Well, let me begin on the peacekeeping first.
Yes, it is expensive and we know that. And we are providing assistance
and we will continue to provide assistance. I think Ethiopia feels as if
it needs more assistance. We understand that. Let me express my
gratitude on behalf of not just the American people but everybody who
benefits and cares about peace is grateful to Ethiopia. Ethiopians have
put themselves on the line in order to fight against terrorism and to
fight for peace. And I believe that we owe Ethiopia support and
assistance in order to help them do that.
With respect to the economic growth, we would love to have Ethiopia’s
economic growth. Ethiopia’s one of the ten fastest growing countries in
the world. It’s up in the double digits in growth. It’s really quite an
extraordinary story. And so I think the United States needs to – our
private sector businesses need to focus on Ethiopia and recognize the
opportunities that are here and hopefully we can encourage more
companies to come here and be engaged and help take part in this.
But I think the future’s being defined by countries like Ethiopia, the future of Africa, which we are celebrating in this 50
thanniversary
meeting today. There’s been an enormous transition in the last 50
years. There are many more democracies and many more transitions to
democracy, and many more peaceful places than there are violent ones and
dictators. It is changing, and it is changing in a way that is strong
so that lots of countries – Russia, Brazil, China, Japan, others – are
investing and moving to take advantage of the economic possibilities of
growth and development in Africa. The United States has been behind on
that, and we need to change that.
QUESTION: We have time for one last –
QUESTION: Excuse me.
FOREIGN MINISTER TEDROS: What time is the Secretary (inaudible) – for second time there (inaudible) and we apologize for that because we have to run.
SECRETARY KERRY: We have to run. Seriously, the Foreign Minister only has about 68 countries to deal with. (Laughter.) Thank you both.